宋圭武观点89：发展中人口大国需要农村大城市强

发展中人口大国如何处理城乡关系，需要城市强，农村大，比较好。若城市大，农村小，最终城市和农村都可能得病，城市必然是多贫民窟，农村必然是多空壳化。因为若大量的农村人转为城市人，而这些人若没有稳定的就业，必然是社会的大麻烦。社会需要高度关注这个问题。

城市强，农村大，城乡之间的内循环才能顺畅，农村才能成为拯救城市问题的最后一道防线。若城市大，农村小，在这种情况下，若城市企业生产的产品外需变小，缺乏国外需求，又由于农村小，农村需求也必然小，最终国内需求也必然不足，城乡内循环也必然不顺畅，最终必然产生大量城市失业问题和城市贫困问题，最终社会有可能产生大动乱。

如何城市强，需要集中力量进行科技攻关。科技强，是城市强的核心。因为城市科技强，才能城市产业强，城市产业才能有竞争力，产业有竞争力，产品销路必然好，产品销路好，城市企业必然生产稳定，同时企业工人也必然稳定就业，最终城市才能健康发展。另外，要适度限制农村人转为城市人；要适度限制城市在面上的扩张，对农村土地要建立严格的保护制度。

另外，农村大，但农村也需要稳定和有序发展。农村发展一定要守住两个底线：一是要确保国家粮食安全；二是要防止产生大规模贫困问题。对于发展中人口大国，农村必须要改变小农经济形式，因为在大工业和大市场面前，小农经济必然会面临大面积破产问题，在这种情况下，两个底线都可能会失守。如何改变小农经济，关键是要把农民组织起来和合作起来。具体在农村管理体制方面，应体现半计划半市场特点；在农产品流通方面，应体现半统购半统销特点；在农村基层微观组织方面，应体现半自治半行政特点。好，谢谢，谢谢。

Song Guiwu's Viewpoint 89: Developing countries with large population need strong rural cities

How to deal with the relationship between urban and rural areas in developing countries with large population? It is better to have strong cities and large rural areas.If cities are large and rural areas are small, both cities and rural areas may eventually get sick. The cities will inevitably have more slums, and the rural areas will inevitably be more empty shells.Because if a large number of rural people turn to urban people, and these people do not have stable employment, it will inevitably be a big trouble for society.Society needs to pay high attention to this problem.Only when cities are strong and rural areas are large can the internal circulation between urban and rural areas be smooth, and the rural areas can become the last line of defense to save the urban problems.If cities are large and rural areas are small, in this case, if the products produced by urban enterprises have less external demand and lack foreign demand, and because rural areas are small, rural demand will inevitably be small, and eventually domestic demand will also be insufficient, and the internal circulation between urban and rural areas will inevitably be uneven, and eventually there will be a large number of urban unemployment and urban poverty problems, and eventually society may have great unrest.How to make cities strong? It is necessary to concentrate on tackling key scientific and technological problems.Strong science and technology is the core of a strong city. Because the city science and technology is strong, to the city industry is strong, the city industry can be competitive, the industry is competitive, the product sales are good, the product sales are good, the city enterprises will inevitably produce stable, and the workers will also have stable employment, and finally the city can develop healthily.In addition, we should moderately restrict the rural population to urban population;we should moderately restrict the urban expansion, and establish a strict protection system for rural land.In addition, the countryside is large, but the countryside also needs stable and orderly development.Rural development must guard two bottom lines: one is to ensure national food security;the second is to prevent large-scale poverty.For a developing country with a large population, the rural must change the form of small-scale peasant economy, because in the face of large industries and markets, small-scale peasant economy will inevitably face large-scale bankruptcy, in this case, the two bottom lines may be lost.How to change the small-scale peasant economy, the key is to organize and cooperate with farmers.In terms of rural management system, it should reflect the characteristics of half planning and half market;in terms of the circulation of agricultural products, it should reflect the characteristics of half monopoly purchase and half monopoly marketing;in terms of rural grassroots micro-organizations, it should reflect the characteristics of half autonomy and half administrative.OK, thank you, thank you.